“ChatGPT, do I have a case?” Before you ask AI any legal question, be sure to take precautions to maintain privilege and confidentiality protection of the information you submit to an AI service. Without using AI for litigation properly, you may inadvertently lose privilege and confidentiality protection over the information you submit to AI. In Canada, the primary basis for asserting privilege are solicitor-client privilege and litigation privilege. To date, there has yet to be a leading case authority on the issues of AI use and legal privilege in Canada. Over the past year, international courts in the United Kingdom and United States have considered these very questions of privilege with AI use in the context of their own legal privilege and confidentiality laws. The reasoning of these courts can be informative how the Canadian courts may reason through these legal issues and fact scenarios in the future. Here … Read More
Are Section 44 Exam Reports under SABS Subject to PIPEDA Disclosure?
To date, the Ontario personal injury bar has assumed that assessors and “IME” companies performing examinations under s. 44 of the Statutory Accident Benefits Schedule (SABS) are subject to access requirements under the Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act (PIPEDA). The “leading case” on IME’s and PIPEDA, Wyndowe v. Rousseau, a decision of the Federal Court of Appeal, held that a doctor appointed to perform an independent medical examination under a disability insurance policy had to provide access to a final report and notes. The disability insurer’s internal process under the private insurance policy would not have been a formal dispute resolution process and therefore not exempt from PIPEDA. Under clause 9(3)(d) of PIPEDA, an organization is not required to give access to personal information if it was “generated in the course of a formal dispute resolution process.” Is a s. 44 examination subject to that exemption? The federal Office of the Privacy … Read More
Liability Possibilities for Third-Party Privacy Invasions in Agnew-Americano v Equifax Canada
A company learns its cybersecurity is vulnerable to hacking but fails to implement preventative measures. Hackers attack and access the private data of clients. Can these clients sue the company for the tort of privacy invasion (“intrusion upon seclusion”) or can the company escape liability because it has only allowed a third-party invasion? The question turns on the definition of invasion. As held in the leading case of Jones v Tsige, the tort of intrusion upon seclusion consists of three elements: Intentional or reckless conduct; That invades the defendant’s privacy; and The invasion must reasonably be regarded as highly offensive causing distress, humiliation or anguish. Does allowance of a third-party invasion meet the second requirement? In deciding which of two actions should proceed as a class action in Ontario, the Court in Agnew-Americano v Equifax Canada expressed preliminary support favouring the possibility of liability for third-party invasions. The Court held claims that … Read More
Nick Poon Comments on Privacy Issues for the Toronto Star
Nick Poon was recently asked to comment on privacy issues associated with filming in public places for the Toronto Star. Read the Toronto Star article here: Chinatown filming notice provokes heated debate on social media. If you have a privacy issue or contract dispute in the field of media and entertainment, please contact us for an initial consultation.
Is Your Car Insurance Company Violating Your Privacy Rights?
If you are seriously injured in a car accident, there are two types of claims that can be made. One is the no fault claim from your own insurance company for accident benefits, and the other is a lawsuit or court claim, against the at fault driver. In Ontario, there are a number of very large insurance companies that sell car insurance, because of this sometimes your car insurance company may also be the same company that insures the person at fault for your injuries. Even though you can make two separate claims, it is the same insurance company behind the scenes responding to both claims. In these situations, there are strict internal privacy rules insurance companies have to follow to protect your privacy. 1) Accident Benefits And Your Confidential Private Data Your policy provides standard “no-fault” or accident benefits to give you access to early treatment, possibly some income … Read More